Usefulness of intraoperative endoscopy in pediatric surgery: state of the art

Main Article Content

Rachele Borgogni
Federica Gaiani
Francesco Di Mario
Fabiola Fornaroli
Gioacchino Leandro
Barbara Bizzarri
Alessia Ghiselli
Gian Luigi de' Angelis
Emilio Casolari

Keywords

intraoperative endoscopy, pediatric gastroenterology, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, enteroscopy

Abstract

Introduction: Intraoperative endoscopy is a procedure that supports open and laparoscopic surgery, helping the surgeon to identify the presence of endoluminal gastrointestinal lesions which need to be treated, with a correct diagnosis and an adequate therapy. Material and methods: A search on PubMed was performed using “intraoperative esophagoscopy”, “intraoperative duodenoscopy”, and “intraoperative enteroscopy” as Mesh terms. The applied exclusion criteria were: papers written before 2000, not concerning pediatric or gastrointestinal pathology, literature-review articles, language different from English. Results: Sixteen studies from 2000 to 2018 were included. Overall, 1210 patients were treated. Different pathologies were considered. Complications were observed in a range of 0.3-14%. The most frequent complications were perforation, bleeding and mucosal tear. Mortality ranged between 0.7% and 1,2%. Conclusion: Intraoperative endoscopy is an indispensable tool for gastrointestinal surgery. In the hands of experienced endoscopists, intraoperative endoscopy can be performed safely, in time-efficient manner, facilitating diagnosis and treatment.

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