Analysis of daily habits and nutritional attitudes of taekwondo athletes during COVID-19 pandemic

Main Article Content

Elif Karagun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-4117
Muge Sarper Kahveci https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-9418
Sabit Selvi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5858-2558

Keywords

COVID-19, Pandemic, Taekwondo Athlete, Daily Habit, Nutritional Attitude

Abstract

Study Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether the daily habits and nutritional attitudes of taekwondo athletes working in various regions of Turkey have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Upon approval of the ethics committee, it was attempted to reach the entire population of athletes who actively joined tournaments as national and amateur athletes. Methods: Prepared scale forms were opened to remote access via Google Forms and the research was announced through the agency of the federation. In the study conducted based on a voluntary basis, a 2-month time was given for filling out the scale form to collect data. At the end of the 2-month period, the research was completed with a total of 189 taekwondo athletes. Information Questionnaire identifying daily habits and socio-demographic characteristics of the participants during the pandemic, and Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition developed by Tekkursun Demir and Cicioglu (2019) were applied. As the data obtained were normally distributed, t test and variance analysis of parametric tests that are used for independent groups were employed. The significance level was taken as 0.05. Results: As a result; it was found that variables like gender, age, income level, father's education, years of engagement in sports, being a professional or amateur athlete caused significance difference in the attitude towards information; variables like being a national athlete, contracting COVID-19, appetite, age, education, mother's education, being a professional or amateur athlete, relatives contracting COVID-19, following news and social media caused significance difference in attitude towards positive nutritional habit; and variables like relatives contracting COVID-19, growing plants, hobby, age and mother's educational background caused significance difference in the attitude towards emotion for nutrition.

Abstract 762 | PDF Downloads 302

References

1. Whitney E, Rolfes SR. Understanding nutrition. Cengage Learning. Belmont, CA, West/Wadsworth 2018; p.3.
2. Di Renzo L, Gualtieri P, Pivari F, Soldati L, Attinà A, Cinelli G, Leggeri C, Caparello G, Barrea L, Scerbo F, Esposito E, De Lorenzo A. Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian survey. Journal of translational medicine 2020; 18(1): 229. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-020-02399-5
3. Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Available online at: 2020; https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html
4. Correia MI. Nutrition in times of COVID-19, how to trust the deluge of scientific information. Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care 2020; 23(4): 288–293. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000666
5. Chee MJ, Koziel Ly NK, Anisman H, Matheson K. Piece of Cake: Coping with COVID-19. Nutrients 2020; 12(12): 3803.
6. Flanagan EW, Beyl RA, Fearnbach SN, Altazan AD, Martin CK, Redman LM. The impact of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders on health behaviors in adults. Obesity 2020; (Silver Spring) [CrossRef] doi:10.1002/oby.23066.
7. Holt-Lunstad J. The potential public health relevance of social isolation and loneliness: Prevalence, epidemiology, and risk factors. Public Policy & Aging Report 2017; 27(4), 127-130. doi:10.1093/ppar/prx030
8. Aşkın R, Bozkurt Y, Zeybek Z. COVID-19 Pandemic: Psychological Effects and Therapeutic Interventions. Istanbul Commercial University Journal 2020; COVID-19 Special Issue, 19(37), 304-318.
9. Zabetakis I, Lordan R, Norton C, Tsoupras A. COVID-19: the inflammation link and the role of nutrition in potential mitigation. Nutrients 2020; 12(5): 1466.
10. Baltaş A, Baltaş Z. Stress and coping styles. 24th Edition, Istanbul: Remzi Bookstore 2008.
11. Penedo FJ, Dahn JR. Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2005; 18: 189–193.
12. Basso JC, Suzuki WA. The effects of acute exercise on mood, cognition, neurophysiology, and neurochemical pathways: A review. Brain Plasticity 2017; 2(2): 127-152. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5928534/
13. Almandoz JP, Xie L, Schellinger JN, Mathew MS, Gazda C, Ofori A, ... Messiah SE. Impact of COVID‐19 Stay‐at‐Home Orders on Weight‐Related Behaviors Among Patients with Obesity. Clinical Obesity 2020; 10(5): e12386.
14. Termorshuizen JD, Watson HJ, Thornton LM, Borg S, Flatt RE, MacDermod CM, ... Bulik CM. Early Impact of COVID-19 on Individuals with Eating Disorders: A survey of~ 1000 Individuals in the United States and the Netherlands. The International journal of eating disorders, 2020; 53(11), 1780–1790.
15. Panno A, Carbone GA, Massullo C, Farina B, Imperatori C. COVID-19 Related Distress Is Associated with Alcohol Problems, Social Media and Food Addiction Symptoms: Insights from the Italian Experience During the Lockdown. Frontiers in psychiatry 2020; 11: 1314. 577135.
16. Tekkurşun Demir G, Cicioğlu Hİ. Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN): Validity and Reliability Study. Gaziantep University Journal Of Sports Sciences 2019; 4(2): 256-274.
17. Bozhüyük A, Özcan S, Kurdak H, Akpınar E, Saatçı E, Bozdemir N. Healthy Life Style and Family Medicine. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care (TJFMPC) 6(1): 13-21.
18. Özenoğlu A, Gün B, Karadeniz B, Koç F, Bilgin V, Bembeyaz Z, Saha BS. The Attitudes of Nutrition Literacy in Adults Towards Healthy Nutrition And Its Relation With Body Mass Index. Life Sciences 2021; 16(1): 1-18.
19. Ceylan V, Muştu Ç, Sarıışık M. Healthy Nutritional Attitudes and Behaviors During COVID-19 Outbreak Lockdown. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies 2020; 8(4): 2491-2506.
20. Suiçmez M. Otherization of the Female Body in the Media: The Victoria’s Secret Example. Middle Black Sea Journal of Communication Studies 2018; 3(2): 67-84.
21. Koç M, Examination on Nutritional Habits and Nutrition Supplements’ Usage of Wrestlers Who Joined to National Team Camps. Unpublished Masters Thesis. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Institute Of Health Sciences. 2014.
22. Laviano A, Koverech A, Zanetti M. Nutrition support in the time of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Nutrition 2020; 74:1-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2020.110834.
23. Çetin E, Hacısoftaoğlu İ. Physical and Emotional Misuse in Sports: Example of Induvidual Sports. I. International Understanding Violence Congress. Book of papers. 2019; p. 96-101.
24. Calder PC. Nutrition, immunity and COVID-19. BMJ Nutr Prev Health. 2020; 20;3(1):74-92. doi: 10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085. PMID: 33230497; PMCID: PMC7295866.
25. Aman F, Masood S. How Nutrition can help to fight against COVID-19 Pandemic. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36(COVID19-S4): S121-S123. doi: 10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2776. PMID: 32582329; PMCID: PMC7306972.
26. Thibault R, Coëffier M, Joly F, Bohé J, Schneider SM, Déchelotte P. How the COVID-19 epidemic is challenging our practice in clinical nutrition-feedback from the field. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 16:1–10. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-00757-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32939042; PMCID: PMC7492685.
27. Pak P & Arıca S. The attitude of women in reproductive age to healthy nutrition and factors affecting their behavior. 2020; Istanbul Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital, Family Medicine Clinic, Unpublished Medical Specialty Thesis. Istanbul.
28. Onurlubaş E, Gürler AZ. Measurement of Consumers Knowledge Level on Food Safety: A Case Study in Tokat. Ministry of Food Agriculture and livestock Institute for Agricultural Economics and Policy Development. 2015.
29. Heaney S, O’Connor H, Michael S, Gifford J, Naughton G. Nutrition knowledge in athletes: a systematic review. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism 2011; 21(3): 248-261.
30. Çatıkkaş F. Rapid Weight Loss Attitudes of the Young Taekwondo Athletes. Celal Bayar Unive Journal of physical education and sports science 2016; 11(2), 125-130.
31. Samar E, Beyleroğlu M. The effect of goji berry consumption on weight loss in boxers. Progress in Nutrition 2020; 22(1): 103-110.
32. Knowles KA, Olatunji BO. Anxiety and safety behavior usage during the COVID-19 pandemic: The prospective role of contamination fear. J Anxiety Disord 2021; 77:102323. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102323. PMID: 33137593; PMCID: PMC7572316.
33. Durkee T, Kaess M, Carli V, Parzer P, Wasserman C, Floderus B, ... Wasserman D. Prevalence of pathological internet use among adolescents in Europe: demographic and social factors. Addiction 2012; 107(12): 2210-2222.
34. Sun Y, Li Y, Bao Y, Meng S, Sun Y, Schumann G, ... Shi J. Brief report: increased addictive internet and substance use behavior during the COVID‐19 pandemic in China. The American Journal on Addictions 2020; 29(4): 268-270.